In your doc, answer the following:
How did geography contribute to Manchester earning the
nickname "Cottonopolis"?
How did the workforce change in Manchester from 1760 and
1830?
"COTTONOPOLIS"
Because of the dominance of Manchester in the textile industry
throughout the 19th century, the city became known as Cottonopolis.
English cotton mills first appeared around 1776, using water wheels
powered by nearby rivers and streams. The first large mill was
built along the Thames river, followed by the construction of
similar mills throughout the north and east parts of the city.
Because of the vast amount of waterways around Manchester, the city
was an excellent place for textile production. Richard Arkwright
owned one of the first mills in Manchester in 1783. Yet with the
improvements to the steam engine made by James Watt, productivity
in textile mills skyrocketed. By 1816 there were 86 cotton mills
throughout the city producing goods at a previously unheard of
pace. By 1825 this number had increased to 104 cotton spinning
mills with 110 steam engines located throughout the city.
Another factor that led to the growth of productivity in Manchester
was the large influx of people that migrated to the city. With the
work force mushrooming from 17,000 in 1760 to 180,000 in 1830. This
arrival of new workers greatly influenced the amount of cotton
being transported into the city to be woven into high-quality
fabrics. These workers consisted of men, women, and even children;
starting their work at six in the morning and were not able to
return home until their 13 hour work day was completed.