Friedrich Engels, when asked about his trip to Manchester, replied: "It is hell upon Earth."
Read his description of the city.
"Everywhere heaps of debris, refuse, and offal; standing
pools for
gutters, and a stench which alone would make it impossible for a
human being in
any degree civilised to live in such a district….Passing along a
rough bank,
among stakes and washing-lines, one penetrates into this chaos of
small
one-storied, one-roomed huts, in most of which there is no
artificial floor;
kitchen, living and sleeping-room all in one. In such a hole,
scarcely five
feet long by six broad, I found two beds-and such bedsteads and
beds!-which,
with a staircase and chimney-place, exactly filled the room. In
several others
I found absolutely nothing, while the door stood open, and the
inhabitants
leaned against it. Everywhere before the doors refuse and offal;
that any sort
of pavement lay underneath could not be seen but only felt, here
and there,
with the feet. This whole collection of cattle-sheds for human
beings was
surrounded on two sides by houses and a factory, and on the third
by the river,
and besides the narrow stair up the bank, a narrow doorway alone
led out into
another almost equally ill-built, ill-kept labyrinth of
dwellings...."
Tell me:
One reason you think Engels described Manchester this way?
Why did Engels compare the industrial revolution in Manchester to the French Revolution?