i European Environment Agency (2019) The European environment - state and outlook 2020. URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/soer-2020.

ii European Environment Agency (2020) Ecological footprint of European countries. URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/ecological-footprint-of-european-countries1/assessment.

iii Vandermaesen, T. et al. (2019) EU overshoot day - Living beyond nature's limits. WWF, Brussels. URL: https://www.footprintnetwork.org/content/uploads/2019/05/WWF_GFN_EU_Overshoot_Day_report.pdf.

iv European Environment Agency (2019) The European environment - state and outlook 2020. URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/soer-2020.

v Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2019) Completing the Picture: How the Circular Economy Tackles Climate Change. URL: www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/publications.

vi Parrique T. et al. (2019) Decoupling debunked: Evidence and arguments against green growth as a sole strategy for sustainability. European Environmental Bureau.

vii European Commission (2019) Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of the Circular Economy Action Plan. Brussels. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/betapolitical/files/report_implementation_circular_economy_action_plan.pdf.

viii See, e.g. Zink, T. and Geyer, R. (2017), Circular Economy Rebound. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 21: 593-602; and Kjaer, L.L. et al. (2019) Product/Service‐Systems for a Circular Economy: The Route to Decoupling Economic Growth from Resource Consumption? Journal of Industrial Ecology, 23: 22-35.

ix European Commission (2019) Commission Staff Working Document - Evaluation of the 7th Environment Action Programme to 2020. SWD(2019) 181 final. Part 2/2, page 245. URL: https://eurlex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:175e1aeb-76fc-11e9-9f0501aa75ed71a1.0001.02/DOC_2&format=PDF.

x Council of the European Union (2019) The 8th Environment Action Programme - Turning the Trends Together. Council conclusions. Page 8. URL: https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/40927/st127952019.pdf.

xi Von der Leyen, U. (2019) A Union that strives for more - My agenda for Europe. Page 7. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/sites/beta-political/files/political-guidelines-next-commission_en.pdf.

xii ten Wolde, A (2018) Policies for circular system change, in Circular Fashion Policy Lab: Boosting the transition, p14. EESC, Brussels.

xiii Pantzar, M., Strube, R., Gionfra, S., and Modée, K. (2018) Sustainable consumption - policy approaches for systems change. Policy paper produced for the Think 2030 Conference. Institute for European Environmental Policy. URL: https://ieep.eu/uploads/articles/attachments/de997767-f965-4478-bc32-db5354981928/Think%202030%20Sustainable%20consumption.pdf?v=63712293485.

xiv Teekens, J., et al. (2019) Making the Circular Economy Work. MiW and IMPEL. URL: http://minisites.ieep.eu/assets/2478/MiW_and_IMPEL_Guidance__Making_the_Circular_Economy_work_-_February_2019_v1.1.pdf.

xv Dalhammar, C, Machacek, E, Bundgaard, A M, Zacho, K O and Remmen, A (2014) Policy Brief: Addressing resource efficiency through the Ecodesign Directive - A review of opportunities and barriers. Nordiske Arbejdspapirer 2014:915, Nordisk Ministerråd, Copenhagen.

xvi Engström, M (2020) Greening the Industrial Strategy. Institute for European Environmental Policy. URL: https://ieep.eu/news/greening-the-industrial-strategy.

xvii Tecchio, P, McAlister, C, Mathieux, F and Ardente, F (2017) In search of standards to support circularity in product policies: A systematic approach. Journal of Cleaner Production No 168, 1533-1546.

xviii EEA (2018) Waste prevention in Europe - policies, status and trends in reuse in 2017. No 4/2018, EEA, Copenhagen.

xix EEB (2019) Coolproducts don't cost the earth - full report. www.eeb.org/coolproducts-report.

xx See, e.g., Backhaus, J, Breukers, S, Mont, O, Paukovic, M and Mourik, R (2012) Sustainable lifestyles: today's facts & tomorrow's trends. D1.1 Sustainable lifestyles baseline report. 43030648, UNEP/Wuppertal Institute Collaborating Centre on Sustainable Consumption and Production (CSCP), Amsterdam; EEA (2015) SOER 2015 - European briefings: Consumption. European briefings EEA, Copenhagen; and Rokka, J and Uusitalo, L (2008) Preference for green packaging in consumer product choices - Do consumers care? International Journal of Consumer Studies No 10.1111/j.14706431.2008.00710.x.

xxi LE Europe, VVA Europe, Ipsos, ConPolicy and Trinomics (2018) Behavioural Study on Consumers' Engagement in the Circular Economy - Final report. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2018.

xxii Pantzar, M., Strube, R., Gionfra, S., and Modée, K. (2018) Sustainable consumption - policy approaches for systems change. Policy paper produced for the Think 2030 Conference. Institute for European Environmental Policy. URL: https://ieep.eu/uploads/articles/attachments/de997767-f965-4478-bc32-db5354981928/Think%202030%20Sustainable%20consumption.pdf?v=63712293485.

xxiii OECD (2019), Business Models for the Circular Economy: Opportunities and Challenges for Policy, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/g2g9dd62-en.

xxiv Zink, T. and Geyer, R. (2017), Circular Economy Rebound. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 21: 593-602.

xxv Kjaer, L.L. et al. (2019) Product/Service‐Systems for a Circular Economy: The Route to Decoupling Economic Growth from Resource Consumption? Journal of Industrial Ecology, 23: 22-35.

xxvi See, for instance, Gerritsen, E. and Underwood, E. (2019) What the Green Deal means for Europe's biodiversity. IEEP, Brussels. URL: https://ieep.eu/news/biodiversity/what-the-green-deal-means-foreurope-s-biodiversity; and Allen, B. and Charveriat, C. (2018) A meaty challenge: What would a just transition for Europe's livestock sector look like? IEEP, Brussels. URL: https://ieep.eu/news/agricultureand-land-management/a-meaty-challenge-what-would-a-just-transition-for-europe-s-livestock-sector-looklike.

xxvii Westhoek, H. et al. (2011), The Protein Puzzle, The Hague: PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.

xxviii Social Situation Monitor (2018) Research findings - Social Situation Monitor - Material deprivation and risk of poverty. URL: http://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1050&intPageId=1989&langId=en.

xxix According to Paolo Gentiloni, Commissioner for Economy in ENDS: https://www.endseurope.com/article/1675270/eu-governments-told-green-economies.

xxx Kettunen, M., Gionfra, S. and Monteville, M. (2019) EU circular economy and trade: Improving policy coherence for sustainable development, IEEP Brussels / London.

xxxi Ellen MacArthur Foundation, Completing the Picture: How the Circular Economy Tackles Climate Change (2019).

xxxii R. Pardo, J.P Schweitzer (2018): 'A long-term strategy for a European circular economy - setting the course for success', Policy Paper produced for the Think2030 project, Brussels, November 2018. URL: https://ieep.eu/uploads/articles/attachments/f99f1ac9-83a0-47e0-a0a274f3ce528ad8/Think%202030%20Circular%20Economy.pdf?v=63710011292.

xxxiii European Environment Agency (2019) The European environment - state and outlook 2020. URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/soer-2020.

xxxiv Eurostat (2018) Sustainable development in the European Union - monitoring report on progress towards the SDGs in an EU context - 2018 edition. Eurostat, Luxembourg.

xxxv E. Watkins, S. Gionfra, J-P. Schweitzer, M. Pantzar, C. Janssens and P. ten Brink (2017) EPR in the EU Plastics Strategy and the Circular Economy: A focus on plastic Packaging. URL: https://ieep.eu/uploads/articles/attachments/9665f5ea-4f6d-43d4-8193-454e1ce8ddfe/EPR%20and%20plastics%20report%20IEEP%2019%20Dec%202017%20final%20re v.pdf?v=63680919827.