10. Judging Schools as if They Were All the Same. Test scores, in particular scores on high stakes tests (PISA, A level and GCSE results in the UK, performance on grade tests in the US and other countries), are sometimes used to produce league tables of schools by both Governments or private organizations (e.g. Best Schools in the UK, Fraser Institute in Canada). Such league tables do not account for the "inputs" (socio-economic mix, ethnic and language mix, number of students with special needs, etc.) to the school - what the students are like, what the catchment area is like, what the teachers in that school have as skills and competencies and what resources the school has available. Some governments then use these league tables to enact "special measures" - requires changes of leadership, retraining for teachers, focused policies to deal with specific issues, etc. Despite the lack of evidence of the efficacy of these special measures, their use in several US states and the UK has encouraged a variety of school leaders to game the system. Each school, even in the same district, in unique and has its own culture and performance expectations. Rather than looking at a single standard as the basis for performance - which can be helpful for benchmarking and strengthening goals - schools need to be assessed and held accountable for their own development plan against their own goals.