With the Astra theme, global colors and typography set for the entire website will be applied to the primary header automatically. If you are looking for header-specific color/typography settings, they are available with Astra Pro Add-on plugin.
As mentioned above, global colors available under Appearance > Customize > Global > Colors will be applied to the header, while with the Astra Pro Add-on you get an option to set a color for each element in the header.
Typography set for the site under Appearance > Customize > Global > Typography will be applied to the header content by default, while the Astra Pro Add-on provides more specific options.