Any vegetable that grows in the ground will also grow in a pot. Or a container. Sometimes, a receptacle. It's low maintenance and adaptable.
When I lived in Hawaii, I turned the unused side of my driveway into a container garden. When my '89 hatchback Corolla died, I cursed myself, let it sit there and then put potted herbs all over it.
There are other ways to raise your garden.
Yard sales are great places to find free or cheap pots. Also, plant nurseries will often give you extras for free if you ask for them. Most plastic pots can also be recycled.