Fiber glass and rock and slag wool insulations are well tested products and are continuously tested to assure they meet a variety of product standards.
The basic materials such as sand and recycled glass for fiber glass, and basalt and industrial slag for rock and slag wool, are melted and then spun into wool-like fibers. These are processed into batt or roll insulation, with or without facings, and in loose form for pneumatic blowing applications. See ASTM C 665 (Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured Housing). For more information on ASTM Standards, ask for
NAIMA Facts #8:ASTM Standard Specifications for Mineral Fiber Blanket, Loose-fill and Spray-Applied Insulation.