The nanoparticles coated with antibodies that target the HER2 receptor and compounds can reduce the tumor size, and assist the immune cells to recognize, memorize and automatically remove the cancer cells by mediating the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system. And molecules attached to the nanoparticles will accelerate the production of large amounts of macrophages and phagocytic cells that can remove and destroy any foreign material in the immune system. Macrophages and phagocytic cells then remove cancer cells while transmit the cancer cells information to the immune system of T cells. T cells can remove the remaining cancer cells, while remember the cancer cells, effectively preventing cancer recurrence. Through the establishment of disease memory in the cell, the nanoparticles can achieve a similar "vaccine" effect, and ultimately the body can automatically identify and combat recurrent tumors.

Researchers will also continue to explore the possibility of nanoparticles preventing long-term recurrence of tumors, including metastases at sites distant from the primary tumor. In addition, nanoparticles designed to be modular also means that it can carry molecules to fight other types of diseases. This method is expected to open new doors for nanomedicine and apply to more different types of human diseases.