Unraveling the Complexities of AS Development, the exact cause of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) remains elusive, but researchers believe that genetic factors play a significant role in its development. While the presence of the HLA-B27 gene is commonly associated with AS, it is important to note that not all individuals with this gene will develop the condition, and conversely, some individuals without the gene may still experience AS. This suggests that there are other genetic and environmental factors at play. Scientists hypothesize that the activation of certain genes, such as IL-23, IL-17, IL-12, and ERAP, in conjunction with environmental triggers like bacterial infections, may contribute to the development of AS. Moreover, it is believed that the breakdown of intestinal defenses can allow certain bacteria to enter the bloodstream, leading to an immune response and potentially triggering the onset of AS. With over 60 genes potentially associated with the condition, HLA-B27 accounts for only about 30% of the overall risk, highlighting the complex nature of AS development.