9.3.1. Concrete

9.3.1. Concrete
9.3.1.1. General
  1. Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Articles 9.3.1.6. and 9.3.1.7., unreinforced and nominally reinforced concrete shall be designed, mixed, placed, cured and tested in accordance with the requirements for "R" class concrete stated in Section 9 of CSA A23.1, "Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction."
  2. Unreinforced and nominally reinforced site-batched concrete shall be designed, mixed, placed and cured in accordance with Articles 9.3.1.2. to 9.3.1.9.
  3. Except as provided in Sentence (4), reinforced concrete shall be designed to conform to the requirements of Part 4.
  4. For flat insulating concrete form walls not exceeding 2 storeys in building height and having a maximum floor to floor height of 3 m, in buildings of light-frame construction containing only a single dwelling unit, the concrete and reinforcing shall comply with Part 4 or
    1. the concrete shall conform to CSA A23.1, "Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction," with a maximum aggregate size of 19 mm, and
    2. the reinforcing shall
      1. conform to CSA G30.18, "Carbon Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,"
      2. have a minimum specified yield strength of 400 MPa, and
      3. be lapped a minimum of 450 mm for 10M bars and 650 mm for 15M bars (see also Articles 9.15.4.5. and 9.20.17.2. to 9.20.17.4.).
9.3.1.2. Cement
  1. Cement shall meet the requirements of CSA A3001, "Cementitious Materials for Use in Concrete."
9.3.1.3. Concrete in Contact with Sulphate Soil
  1. Concrete in contact with sulphate soil, which is deleterious to normal cement, shall conform to the requirements in Clause 4.1.1.6 of CSA A23.1, "Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction."
9.3.1.4. Aggregates
  1. Aggregates shall
    1. consist of sand, gravel, crushed rock, crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag, expanded shale or expanded clay conforming to CSA A23.1, "Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction," and
    2. be clean, well-graded and free of injurious amounts of organic and other deleterious material.
9.3.1.5. Water
  1. Water shall be clean and free of injurious amounts of oil, organic matter, sediment or any other deleterious material.
9.3.1.6. Compressive Strength (See also Article 9.12.4.1., Sentence 9.15.4.2.(1) and Article 9.18.6.1.)
  1. Except as provided elsewhere in this Part, the compressive strength of unreinforced concrete after 28 days shall be not less than
    1. 15 MPa for walls, columns, fireplaces and chimneys, footings, foundation walls, grade beams and piers,
    2. 20 MPa for floors other than those in garages and carports, and
    3. for garage and carport floors, and the exterior steps,
      1. 32 MPa, or
      2. 30 MPa where indigenous aggregates do not achieve 32 MPa with a 0.45 water to cementing material ratio.
  2. Site-batched concrete used for garage and carport floors and exterior steps shall have air entrainment of 5 to 8%.
9.3.1.7. Concrete Mixes (See Note A-9.3.1.7.)
  1. For pre-mixed concrete and for the site-batched concrete mixes described in Table 9.3.1.7., the maximum ratio of water to cementing materials measured by weight shall not exceed
    1. 0.70 for walls, columns, fireplaces and chimneys, footings, foundation walls, grade beams and piers,
    2. 0.65 for floors other than those in garages and carports, and
    3. 0.45 for garage and carport floors, and exterior steps.


      Table 9.3.1.7.
      Site-Batched Concrete Mixes
      Forming Part of Sentence 9.3.1.7.(1)

      Notes to Table 9.3.1.7.:
      (1) 1 part cementing material = 1 × 40 kg bag

  2. The size of aggregate in unreinforced site-batched concrete mixes referred to in Sentence (1) shall not exceed
    1. 1/5 the distance between the sides of vertical forms, or
    2. 1/3 the thickness of flatwork.
9.3.1.8. Admixtures
  1. Admixtures shall conform to ASTM C 260, "Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete," or ASTM C 494/C 494M, "Chemical Admixtures for Concrete," as applicable.
9.3.1.9. Cold Weather Requirements
  1. When the air temperature is below 5°C, concrete shall be
    1. kept at a temperature of not less than 10°C or more than 25°C while being mixed and placed, and
    2. maintained at a temperature of not less than 10°C for 72 h after placing.
  2. No frozen material or ice shall be used in concrete described in Sentence (1).

Previous page
« 9.3. Materials, Systems and Equipment

Next page
9.3.2. Lumber and Wood Products »