| 4.2.5. |
Excavations |
| 4.2.5.1. |
Design of Excavations
- The design of excavations and of supports for the sides of excavations shall conform with Subsection 4.2.4. and with this Subsection. (See Note A-4.2.5.1.(1).)
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| 4.2.5.2. |
Excavation Construction
- Every excavation shall be undertaken in such a manner as to
- prevent movement that would cause damage to adjacent buildings at all phases of construction, and
- comply with the appropriate requirements of Part 8.
- Material shall not be placed nor shall equipment be operated or placed in or adjacent to an excavation in a manner that may endanger the integrity of the excavation or its supports.
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| 4.2.5.3. |
Supported Excavations
- The sides of an excavation in soil or rock shall be supported by a retaining structure conforming with the requirements of Articles 4.2.5.1. and 4.2.5.2., except as permitted in Article 4.2.5.4.
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| 4.2.5.4. |
Unsupported Excavations
- The sides of an excavation in soil or rock may be unsupported where a design is prepared in conformance with the requirements of Articles 4.2.5.1. and 4.2.5.2.
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| 4.2.5.5. |
Control of Water around Excavations
- Surface water, all groundwater, perched groundwater and in particular artesian groundwater shall be kept under control at all phases of excavation and construction.
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| 4.2.5.6. |
Loss of Ground
- At all phases of excavation and construction, loss of ground due to water or any other cause shall be prevented.
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| 4.2.5.7. |
Protection and Maintenance at Excavations
- All sides of an excavation, supported and unsupported, shall be continuously maintained and protected from possible deterioration by construction activity or by the action of frost, rain and wind.
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| 4.2.5.8. |
Backfilling
- Where an excavation is backfilled, the backfill shall be placed so as to
- provide lateral support to the soil adjacent to the excavation, and
- prevent detrimental movements.
- The material used as backfill or fill supporting a footing, foundation or a floor on grade shall be of a type that is not subject to detrimental volume change with changes in moisture content and temperature.
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